

History of the Métis
Under Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, Métis are recognized as one of three distinct Aboriginal peoples in Canada:
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35 (1) the existing Aboriginal and treaty rights of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada are hereby recognized and affirmed; and
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35 (2) in this Act, the Aboriginal peoples of Canada includes the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.
The Métis National Council consequently adopted the following definition of “Métis” in 2002:
“Métis” means a person who self-identifies as Métis, is distinct from other Aboriginal peoples, is of historic Métis Nation Ancestry and who is accepted by the Métis Nation."
Métis are distinct Aboriginal peoples with a unique history, culture, language (Michif) and territory.
The area of Canada known as the “Historic Métis Nation Homeland,”
includes the three Prairie Provinces and extends into Ontario, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories and the northern United States.
The Métis Nation is comprised of descendents
born out of relations between
Indian women and European men.
These unions resulted in
a mixed generation who
became known as
Métis.
Photo: Courtesy National Archives of Canada

